This research explores evolution of international responsibility of monetary institutions in the era of artificial intelligence (AI) and examines legal challenges arising from delegating part of decision-making to algorithmic systems. The study is descriptive-analytical, based on library research, including international law instruments, procedures of monetary institutions, AI governance reports, and relevant legal literature. A comparative approach highlights differences between human decision-making liability and AI-assisted decision-making, identifying legal gaps and ambiguities. Findings show that AI complicates accountability by reducing transparency, obscuring attribution, and making fault difficult to establish. Conventional frameworks relying on human control and institutional intent are limited when decisions are automated or adaptive. Despite these challenges, accountability can be preserved through regulatory and conceptual innovations. Concepts such as “supervisory liability,” “technological due diligence,” and “algorithmic accountability” link AI actions to institutions. Extending responsibility to include oversight and procedural safeguards allows institutions to remain accountable. The research emphasizes that the digital transformation of monetary institutions requires redefining international liability. Proactive AI regulation, enhanced transparency standards, and effective oversight are essential to maintain legitimacy and trust. Developing international norms for responsible AI use in monetary policy is critical to ensure institutions remain accountable, transparent, and trustworthy in an automated financial environment.